تأثیر کارایی و اندازه بازار بر جذب سرمایهگذاری مستقیم خارجی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، ایران

2 دکتری اقتصاد، گروه اقتصاد دانشکده علوم اجتماعی و اقتصادی، دانشگاه الزهرا، ایران

3 کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب، تهران، ایران

چکیده

جذب سرمایه­گذاری مستقیم خارجی از طریق پوشش شکاف پس­انداز- سرمایه­گذاری، انتقال فناوری، انتقال دانش فنی و استفاده از مهارت­ها و شیوه­های نوین مدیریتی، رشد اقتصادی را افزایش می­دهد. بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی تأثیر کارایی و اندازه بازار کشور میزبان بر جذب سرمایه­گذاری مستقیم خارجی در دو گروه از کشورهای منتخب درحال توسعه (گروه نمونه) و توسعه­یافته (گروه کنترل) طی بازه زمانی 2018-2007 پرداخته است. برای این منظور از شاخص­های کارایی بازار کالا، کارایی بازار کار، توسعه بازار مالی و اندازه بازار به­عنوان متغیرهای توضیحی استفاده شده و مدل پژوهش با استفاده از داده­های تابلویی و به روش گشتاورهای تعمیم­یافته برآورد گردیده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهد کارایی بازار کالا، کارایی بازار کار، توسعه بازار مالی و اندازه بازار بر جذب سرمایه­گذاری مستقیم خارجی در هر دو گروه از کشورهای منتخب تأثیر مثبت و معنی‌داری دارد. با این تفاوت که ضریب تخمینی آنها در کشورهای منتخب درحال توسعه بزرگتر است. همچنین، تأثیر متغیرهای کنترل شامل؛ ثبات سیاسی و جمعیت بر جذب سرمایه­گذاری مستقیم خارجی در هر دو گروه از کشورهای منتخب، مثبت و معنی‌دار است. اما، تأثیر نرخ ارز واقعی بر جذب سرمایه­گذاری مستقیم خارجی در هر دو گروه از کشورهای منتخب، منفی و معنی‌دار است. بنابراین، کشورهای منتخب – به ویژه درحال توسعه- با بهبود نظام حکمرانی، رفع موانع تجاری و حرکت به سمت اقتصاد دانش­بنیان نسبت به افزایش کارایی و اندازه بازارهای داخلی اقدام نمایند تا رقابت­پذیری آنها در جذب سرمایه­گذاری مستقیم خارجی افزایش یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

The Effect of Efficiency and Size Markets on Attracting Foreign Direct Investment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abolfazl Shahabadi 1
  • Roghaye Pouran 2
  • Aidin khodadi 3
1 Alzahra University
2 Postdoctoral Economics, Departmwnt of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Social Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
3 MA in Business Management, Department of Management, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Iran,
چکیده [English]

The attraction of foreign direct investment through coverage of the savings-investment gap, technology transfer, transfer of technical knowledge and the use of new management skills and practices can increase economic growth. Therefore, The present study investigates the effect of efficiency and size of market on attracting foreign direct investment in two developing selected countries (sample group) and developed selected countries (control group) during the period of 2007-2018. For this purpose, from indicators of good market efficiency, labor market efficiency, financial market development and market size were used as explanatory variables, and the research model was estimated using panel data and generalized method of moment by two groups of selected countries. The results showed that the effect of good market efficiency, labor market efficiency, financial market development and market size on the attraction of FDI in both groups of countries was positive and significant. However, the coefficient estimates for these are larger for the developing countries. Also, the effect of control variables of political stability and population on attracting foreign direct investment in both groups of countries is positive and significant. But, the effect of the real exchange rate on the attraction of foreign direct investment in both groups of countries is negative and significant. Therefore, selected countries - especially developing ones - should increase the efficiency and size of domestic markets by improving their governance, removing trade barriers and moving towards a knowledge-based economy, in order to increase their competitiveness in attracting foreign direct investment.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Foreign Direct Investment
  • Market Efficiency
  • Market Size

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نشریه علمی راهبردهای بازرگانی
دوره 18، شماره 18
اسفند 1400
صفحه 50-65

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